Alice may not have an MUA on her computer but instead may connect to a webmail service. Domains usually have several mail exchange servers so that they can continue to accept mail even if the primary is not available. Many MTAs used to accept messages for any recipient on the Internet and do their best to deliver them. Such MTAs are called open mail relays. This was very important in the early days of the Internet when network connections were unreliable. MTAs do not accept messages from open mail relays. RFC 5322, with encoding of non-ASCII data and multimedia content attachments defined in RFC 2045 through RFC 2049, collectively called Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions or MIME. The extensions in International email apply only to email. RFC 5322 replaced the earlier RFC 2822 in 2008, then RFC 2822 in 2001 replaced RFC 822 - the standard for Internet email for decades.

Floods are considered to be one of the most recurrent natural hazards which can rapidly become significant disasters. Given the occurrence and widespread damages due to floods, it becomes imperative to address flood risks from a disaster risk reduction (DRR) approach. In this regard, a variety of scientific approaches are being used for mapping flood hazard and informing risk assessments. Risk assessment is a key component in risk management and reduction in the broader sense. Disaster management aims to avoid or reduce potential risks from floods and assure immediate and appropriate response to flood events. Furthermore, effective disaster management enables rapid and effective recovery after a flood event. Four phases of disaster management have been used by governments, "https://wiki.Team-glisto.com/index.php?title=Benutzer:Shiela8750 including mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery (Thieken et al., 2007; Carter, 2008). Implementing these four components in a disaster risk reduction approach is expected to increase resilience and reduce economic and human losses.

Although the attack, while under way, makes it almost impossible to use one's email account, the real point is to distract the user from valid email, which will likely include confirmations of purchase receipts or balance transfers from fraudulent transactions made with the victim's credentials. Others have noticed the technique, but like Touchette, they say it is not yet common. Liam O Murchu, manager of Security Response Operations for NAM for Norton by Symantec. Murchu said the distraction or flooding technique is not confined to email either. Neither Touchette nor Murchu have statistics on how successful the technique is, where the attacks originate or how many have been victimized, but they said it can be very successful when aimed at those who don't know what is going on and are overwhelmed by the amount of email. He said the best way to prevent such attacks is to practice good online safety, which includes regular monitoring of accounts for any suspicious activity, keep separate accounts for specific uses, never use a debit card for an online transaction, and don't conduct any sensitive transaction over public or unencrypted Wi-Fi. If the flood of email does start, however, Touchette wrote in his blog post that the best thing to do is ignore the email and go directly to your account activity. This story, "Flood of spam email? It may be a screen for fraud" was originally published by CSO.

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